Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nobubanzi Bokusebenza Kwezindlela Zokuqamba

I-Forging iyindlela ebalulekile yokucubungula insimbi ekhiqiza ukuguquguquka kwepulasitiki kwamabhilidi ensimbi ngokufaka ingcindezi, ngaleyo ndlela ithole ama-forgings womumo nosayizi oyifunayo. Ngokusho kwamathuluzi ahlukene asetshenzisiwe, izinqubo zokukhiqiza, amazinga okushisa, nezindlela zokwakha, izindlela zokubumba zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo eziningi, ngayinye ibe nobubanzi bayo bokufaka isicelo.

lUkuhlukaniswa kwezindlela zokubumba

1.Open forging classified by amathuluzi nezinqubo ezisetshenzisiwe:

Ukufoja okuvulekile: Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi alula njengezando, izimbobo, kanye nezinqamuleli zohlobo, noma ukusebenzisa ngokuqondile amandla angaphandle phakathi kwezinsimbi ezingenhla neziphansi zokufoja okokusebenza ukuze kukhubaze i-billet nokuthola ukufoja okufunayo. I-forging yamahhala inesabelo esikhulu sokwenza imishini, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphansi, kanye nezakhiwo zemishini kanye nekhwalithi yangaphezulu ye-forging kuthintwa kakhulu abaqhubi bokukhiqiza. Ilungele ukukhiqizwa kwezingcezu ezingashadile, amaqoqo amancane, noma ama-forging amakhulu.

u Die forging: Beka i-billet ibe isikhunta esinesimo esithile, futhi usebenzise ingcindezi ngokusebenzisa izinto ezifana nezando zokubumba, izilayidi zokucindezela, noma ukucindezela kwe-hydraulic ukuze uguqule i-billet ibe yisimo esifisa ngaphakathi kwesikhunta. Isibonelelo sokubumba sincane, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphezulu, ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kufana, futhi kulungele ukukhiqiza amaqoqo amakhulu kanye nokubunjwa okuyinkimbinkimbi. I-Forging ingabuye ihlukaniswe ibe yi-forging evulekile nevaliwe, kanye ne-hot forging, i-forging efudumele, kanye ne-forging ebandayo.

u Forging Special: kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile noma izinqubo ezikhethekile zokubumba, ezifana ne-roll forging, i-cross wedge rolling, i-radial forging, i-liquid forging, njll. Lezi zindlela zokubumba zifanele ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezinezimo ezithile ezikhethekile noma izidingo zokusebenza, ezingathuthuka kakhulu. ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yokuqamba.

2. I-Hot Forging ihlukaniswa ngokwezinga lokushisa:

u Forging Hot: Forging wenziwa ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa recrystallization of the metal, ngokuvamile at lokushisa lokushisa 900 ° C noma ngaphezulu, ukunikeza metal plasticity omuhle futhi ongaphakeme deformation ukumelana, ukwakheka lula, futhi microstructure omuhle kanye izakhiwo ngemva forging.

u Forging Warm: Forging wenziwa ngaphakathi kwezinga lokushisa ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa recrystallization kodwa ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa ekamelweni, okuyinto phakathi forging ashisayo kanye forging abandayo. Inezinzuzo ezithile zokubumba okushisayo nokubanda okubandayo, okufana nepulasitiki engcono kanye nokumelana ne-deformation ephansi, kuyilapho igwema izinkinga ze-oxidation kanye ne-decarburization ngesikhathi sokushisa okushisayo.

u Cold Forging: Ukubumba kwenziwa ekamelweni lokushisa noma ngaphansi, ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ukunemba okuphezulu, izingxenye zekhwalithi ephezulu, kodwa ezinokumelana nokuguquguquka okuphezulu kanye nezidingo eziphakeme zemishini kanye nesikhunta.

lUbubanzi bohlelo lokusebenza

Indlela yokubumba isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni eyahlukene efana nokukhiqiza imishini, i-aerospace, izimoto, imikhumbi, izikhali, amakhemikhali ephethiloli, njll. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezingxenye ezifojiwe, okuhlanganisa izingxenye ze-shaft, izingxenye zenduku, amagiya, ama-splines, amakholola, ama-sprockets, ama-ring. amagiya, ama-flange, izikhonkwane zokuxhuma, amalayini, izingalo ze-rocker, amakhanda emfologo, amashubhu ensimbi adonsayo, izihlalo zamavalvu, ama-gaskets, amaphinikhodi, ama-crank slider, njll. Izingxenye ezifojiwe zinezici zomthamo omkhulu wokuthwala umthwalo, impilo ende yesevisi, namandla ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokusebenza ezinzima, ezingahlangabezana nezidingo zezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokusungulwa kwezinqubo ezintsha, ukuvela kwezindlela ezintsha zokukhanga ezifana nobuchwepheshe bokubumba obunembayo, ubuchwepheshe bokubumba i-isothermal, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwenziwa kwe-liquid kuye kwanweba ngokwengeziwe ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokubumba futhi kwathuthukisa izinga lekhwalithi yokubumba.

Izindlela zokuqamba zingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngamathuluzi asetshenzisiwe, izinqubo zokukhiqiza, amazinga okushisa, nezindlela zokwakha, ngayinye inobubanzi bayo bokusebenza obuthile. Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, indlela efanele yokubumba kufanele ikhethwe ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezifana nesimo, usayizi, izidingo zokusebenza, kanye neqoqo lokukhiqiza lezingxenye.