Ukwelashwa kokushisa kuyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa ekucubunguleni izinto zensimbi, okushintsha i-microstructure kanye nezakhiwo zezinto ngokulawula izinqubo zabo zokushisisa nokupholisa. I-iron carbon equilibrium phase diagram iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokufunda imithetho yokuguqulwa kwe-microstructure yezinto zensimbi emazingeni okushisa ahlukene. Nakuba ukwazi kahle umdwebo wesigaba se-iron equilibrium equilibrium kusiza kakhulu emsebenzini wokwelapha ukushisa, ukuphatha lesi sici kukodwa akwanele.
Okokuqala, umdwebo wesigaba se-iron carbon equilibrium yishadi elichaza ukusebenzisana phakathi kwekhabhoni nensimbi. Ibonisa ukwakheka kwesigaba okungenzeka kanye nokuguqulwa kwesigaba sezinto zensimbi emazingeni okushisa ahlukene kanye nokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni. Singafunda mayelana nokwakheka kwesigaba esiqinile, izinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwesigaba, kanye nemodi yokuguqulwa kwesigaba yensimbi emazingeni okushisa ahlukene ukusuka kuwo. Lokhu kubalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekulawuleni izinqubo zokwelashwa kokushisa, njengoba amazinga okushisa ahlukene namazinga okupholisa angaholela kuma-microstructures ahlukene kanye nezakhiwo zezinto zokwakha.
Kodwa-ke, ukufunda umsebenzi wokwelapha ukushisa kudlulela ngalé kokuqonda umdwebo wesigaba se-iron carbon equilibrium. Okulandelayo yizici ezimbalwa okufanele ziqashelwe:
Ukuqonda imithetho yoguquko lwesigaba sezinsimbi: Ngaphezu komdwebo wesigaba se-iron carbon equilibrium, kuyadingeka futhi ukuqonda imidwebo yesigaba yezinye izinsimbi. Izinsimbi ezihlukene zenza izinguquko ezihlukene zesigaba emazingeni okushisa ahlukene, futhi ekwelapheni ukushisa, kuyadingeka ukuqonda izici zensimbi ngayinye.
Ujwayelene nenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa: Ukufunda ukwelashwa kokushisa kudinga ukwazi izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokushisisa nokupholisa, ezifana nokukhipha amanzi, ukujwayela, ukucisha, njll. Inqubo ngayinye inezimfuneko ezithile zokushisa, isikhathi, nezinga lokupholisa ukuze kuzuzwe izici ezibonakalayo ezidingekayo.
Ukuqonda ubudlelwano phakathi kwenhlangano nokusebenza: Ukuqonda ubudlelwano phakathi kwesakhiwo senhlangano yezinto ezibonakalayo nokusebenza kuwumongo wokwelashwa kokushisa. Ngokulawula i-microstructure yezinto zokwakha, zingaba nezakhiwo ezingcono zemishini, ukumelana nokugqwala, nezinye izici.
Ukuphumelela izindlela zokuhlola nezindlela zokuhlaziya: Ukufunda ukwelashwa kokushisa nakho kudinga ukwazi ezinye izindlela zokuhlola nokuhlaziya, njengokuqaphela imakroskopu ye-metallographic, ukuhlola ubulukhuni, ukuhlola okuqinile, njll. Lezi zindlela zingasisiza sihlole ukwakheka kanye nezakhiwo zezinto, ngaleyo ndlela sithuthukise ukwelashwa kokushisa. inqubo.
Ngamafuphi, ukwenza kahle umdwebo wesigaba sokulinganiswa kwekhabhoni yensimbi kuyingxenye yomsebenzi wokwelapha ukushisa. Ngaphezu kokuqonda imidwebo yesigaba, kuyadingeka futhi ukwazi kahle imithetho yokuguqulwa kwesigaba sensimbi, izinqubo zokwelashwa kokushisa, ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-microstructure kanye nezakhiwo, kanye nezindlela zokuhlola nokuhlaziya. Kuphela ngokuqonda ngokugcwele lolu lwazi kungafinyelelwa imiphumela emihle emsebenzini wokwelapha ukushisa futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza kwempahla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-29-2023
