Izinqubo zokubumba insimbi ye-alloy zithonya kakhulu ubulukhuni bomkhiqizo wokugcina, isici esibalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza nokuqina kwengxenye. Izinsimbi ze-alloy, ezakhiwe ngensimbi nezinye izici ezifana ne-chromium, i-molybdenum, noma i-nickel, zibonisa izakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zomshini uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsimbi zekhabhoni. Inqubo yokubumba, ebandakanya ukuwohloka kwensimbi kusetshenziswa amandla acindezelayo, idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganiseni lezi zakhiwo, ikakhulukazi ubulukhuni.
Amasu Okwenza Nomthelela Wawo Ebunzimeni
1. I-Hot Forging: Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukushisisa insimbi ye-alloy ezingeni lokushisa elingaphezu kwendawo yayo yokuvuselela ikristalu, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-1,100°C no-1,200°C. Ukushisa okuphezulu kunciphisa i-viscosity yensimbi, okuvumela ukuguquguquka okulula. I-Hot Forging ikhuthaza ukwakheka okusanhlamvu okucolisisiwe, kuthuthukisa izakhiwo zensimbi, kuhlanganise nobulukhuni. Nokho, ubulukhuni bokugcina buncike ezingeni lokupholisa okulandelayo kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa okusetshenzisiwe. Ukupholisa ngokushesha kungaholela ekwandeni kokuqina ngenxa yokwakheka kwe-martensite, kuyilapho ukupholisa kancane kungase kuphumele ekuthukutheleni okwengeziwe, okuqinile okuncane.
2. I-Cold Forging: Ngokungafani ne-hot forging, i-forging ebandayo yenziwa endaweni yokushisa yegumbi noma eduze nayo. Le nqubo inyusa amandla nobulukhuni bento ngokuqiniswa kwengcindezi noma ukuqina komsebenzi. Ukufogela okubandayo kunenzuzo ekukhiqizeni ubukhulu obunembile kanye nokuphela kwendawo ephezulu, kodwa kukhawulwa ukudubeka kwengxubevange emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ukuqina okuzuzwa ngokubumba okubandayo kuthonywa izinga lobunzima obusetshenziswayo kanye nokwakheka kwengxubevange. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwangemva kokubumba kuvame ukudingeka ukuze kuzuzwe amazinga obulukhuni obudingekayo kanye nokukhulula izingcindezi ezisalelayo.
3. I-Isothermal Forging: Le ndlela ethuthukisiwe ihilela ukubumba ezingeni lokushisa elihlala lingashintshi kuyo yonke inqubo, ngokuvamile eduze nendawo engaphezulu yezinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lengxubevange. I-Isothermal forging inciphisa izinga lokushisa futhi kusize ukufeza i-microstructure efanayo, engathuthukisa ubulukhuni kanye nezakhiwo zemishini eziphelele zensimbi ye-alloy. Le nqubo inenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezisebenza kahle ezidinga ukucaciswa kokuqina okunembayo.
Ukwelashwa Kokushisa Nendima Yako
Inqubo yokubumba iyodwa ayinqumi ubulukhuni bokugcina bensimbi ye-alloy. Ukwelashwa kokushisa, okuhlanganisa ukucwiliswa, ukucisha, kanye nokushisa, kubalulekile ekuzuzeni amazinga athile obunzima. Ngokwesibonelo:
- I-Annealing: Lokhu kwelashwa kokushisa kuhilela ukushisisa insimbi ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu bese uyipholisa kancane. I-Annealing inciphisa ubulukhuni kodwa ithuthukisa i-ductility kanye nokuqina.
- Ukucisha: Ukupholisa okusheshayo kusuka kuzinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ngokuvamile emanzini noma emafutheni, kuguqula i-microstructure yensimbi ibe i-martensite, okwandisa kakhulu ubulukhuni.
- Ukushisa: Ngemva kokucisha, ukushisa kuhilela ukushisisa kabusha insimbi ekushiseni okuphansi ukuze ulungise ukuqina futhi ukhulule izingcindezi zangaphakathi. Le nqubo ilinganisa ubulukhuni nokuqina.
Isiphetho
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinqubo zokubumba insimbi ye-alloy nobulukhuni buyinkimbinkimbi futhi bunezici eziningi. Ukufoja okushisayo, ukubumba okubandayo, kanye ne-isothermal forging ngakunye kuthinta ubulukhuni ngendlela ehlukile, futhi ubulukhuni bokugcina buphinde buthonywe ukwelashwa kokushisa okulandelayo. Ukuqonda lokhu kusebenzisana kuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi bathuthukise izinqubo zokubumba ukuze bafinyelele ubulukhuni obufunekayo kanye nokusebenza okuphelele kwezingxenye zensimbi ye-alloy. Amasu okubumba aklanywe kahle kanye nokwelapha ukushisa aqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yensimbi ye-alloy ihlangabezana nezidingo ezinzima zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezingxenyeni zezimoto kuya kuzingxenye ze-aerospace.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-22-2024
