Welding Residual Stress

Ukucindezeleka kwe-Welding residual kubhekisela ekucindezelweni kwangaphakathi okukhiqizwa ezakhiweni ezishiselwe ngenxa ye-thermal deformation ekhawulelwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela. Ikakhulukazi, ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, ukuqina, kanye nokupholisa kwensimbi ye-weld, ukucindezeleka okushisayo okuphawulekayo kukhiqizwa ngenxa yemingcele, okwenza kube ingxenye eyinhloko yokucindezeleka okusalayo. Ngokuphambene, ingcindezi yangaphakathi evela ekushintsheni kwesakhiwo se-metallographic phakathi nenqubo yokupholisa iyingxenye yesibili yengcindezi eyinsalela. Uma kukhulu ukuqina kwesakhiwo kanye nezinga eliphakeme lokuvinjelwa, kukhulu ukucindezeleka okusalayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, umthelela waso ubaluleke kakhulu kumthamo wesakhiwo wokuthwala umthwalo. Lesi sihloko sidingida ikakhulukazi umthelela we-welding residual stress ezakhiweni.

Umthelela we-Welding Residual Stress on Structures noma Izingxenye

Ukucindezelwa kwensalela yokushisela kuwukucindezeleka kokuqala okukhona engxenyeni ephambanayo yengxenye ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ithwale noma yimuphi umthwalo wangaphandle. Phakathi nokuphila kwesevisi yengxenye, lezi zingcindezi ezisele zihlangana nokucindezeleka okusebenzayo okubangelwa imithwalo yangaphandle, okuholela ekuguquguqukeni kwesibili kanye nokusabalalisa kabusha kokucindezeleka okusalayo. Lokhu akunciphisi nje kuphela ukuqina nokuzinza kwesakhiwo kodwa futhi, ngaphansi kwemiphumela ehlangene yokushisa nendawo ezungezile, kuthinta kakhulu amandla okukhathala kwesakhiwo, ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwe-brittle, ukumelana nokucindezeleka kokuqhekeka kokugqwala, kanye nokuqhekeka kwe-creep creep.

Umthelela Ekuqineni Kwesakhiwo

Lapho ukucindezeleka okuhlangene okuvela emithwalweni yangaphandle kanye nokucindezeleka okusala endaweni ethile yesakhiwo kufinyelela endaweni yokukhiqiza, izinto ezikuleyo ndawo zizobhekana nokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki yendawo futhi ilahlekelwe amandla ayo okuthwala imithwalo eyengeziwe, okubangela ukuncipha kwe-cross-sectional ephumelelayo. indawo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuqina kwesakhiwo. Isibonelo, ezakhiweni ezinamashiseli e-longitudinal nama-transverse (njenge-rib plate welds kuma-I-beams), noma lezo eziye zaqondiswa amalangabi, ukucindezeleka okubalulekile okuyinsalela kungase kukhiqizwe ezigabeni ezinkulu eziphambanayo. Nakuba ububanzi bokusabalalisa balezi zingcindezi ngobude bengxenye bungase bungabi banzi, umthelela wabo ekuqineni kusengaba mkhulu. Ikakhulukazi emishayweni eshiselwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa amalangabi okubanzi, kungase kube nokwehla okuphawulekayo kokuqina ngesikhathi sokulayisha kanye nokunciphisa ukuphindaphinda ngesikhathi sokuthulula, okungenakunakwa ezakhiweni ezinezidingo eziphezulu zokunemba kobukhulu nokuzinza.

Umthelela Kumandla Okulayisha Okumile

Ngezinto eziqinile, ezingakwazi ukuguqulwa kwepulasitiki, ukucindezeleka ngaphakathi kwengxenye akukwazi ukusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo njengoba amandla angaphandle akhula. Iziqongo zengcindezi zizoqhubeka zikhuphuka zize zifinyelele umkhawulo wesivuno sezinto ezibonakalayo, okubangela ukwehluleka kwendawo futhi ekugcineni kuholele ekuqhekekeni kwayo yonke ingxenye. Ukuba khona kokucindezeleka okusalayo ezintweni eziphukayo kunciphisa umthamo wabo wokuthwala umthwalo, okuholela ekuqhekekeni. Okwezinto ze-ductile, ukuba khona kokucindezeleka kwe-triaxial tensile residual ezindaweni ezisezingeni eliphansi kungase kuvimbele ukuvela kokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo wengxenye.

Sengiphetha, ukucindezelwa kwensalela ye-welding kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwezakhiwo. Ukuklama okunengqondo nokulawulwa kwenqubo kunganciphisa ukucindezeleka okusele, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukwethembeka nokuqina kwezakhiwo ezishiselwe.